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The Alliance’s maritime posture helps maintain situational awareness, deter and defend against all threats in the maritime domain, uphold freedom of navigation, secure maritime routes and protect lines of communications.

NATO’s contributions to maritime security include the Aegean Activity, Operation Sea Guardian in the Mediterranean and NATO’s Standing Naval Forces.The Alliance also conducts NATO Air Policing missions in several Allied countries, whereby NATO Allies with fighter aircraft capabilities help to ensure the integrity of the airspace of the countries that do not possess them.NATO is maintaining practical cooperation with the African Union, as it is a key international interlocutor for NATO regarding security challenges emanating from the South.

In 2018, NATO initiated a non-combat advisory and capacity-building mission in Iraq, which aims to help strengthen Iraqi security institutions and forces so that they themselves can prevent the return of ISIS, fight terrorism and stabilise their country.Since 1999, NATO has led a UN-mandated operation in Kosovo to ensure a safe and secure environment and freedom of movement, and to deter renewed hostilities.The tempo and diversity of operations and missions in which NATO is involved have increased since the early 1990s. It is engaged in operations and missions around the world, managing often complex environments across all domains.NATO is a crisis prevention and management organisation that has the capacity to undertake a wide range of military operations and missions.

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